When Claude Code breaks silently on Windows

No error, just a wrong result. Each page takes one symptom you meet when running Claude Code or scripts unattended on Windows: a 30-second check, the cause and the fix. Every one happened on the author's machine.

Claude Code hooks

1. H01
   A Claude Code PreToolUse hook lets the write through when it times out
2. H02
   A PowerShell hook called with -Command does not block Claude Code
3. H03
   No Claude Code hook runs at all (disableAllHooks is still set)

PowerShell, Python, cmd

1. T01
   PowerShell returns exit code 1 when the script exited with 2
2. T02
   The second value passed with -File disappears without an error
3. T03
   With -File, a,b stays one string instead of an array
4. T04
   Non-ASCII text piped to claude -p, python or git arrives as ?
5. T05
   Output from python or claude turns into mojibake in a variable
6. T06
   Python works when run by hand but crashes under Task Scheduler or redirection
7. T07
   PYTHONIOENCODING is set, but python -I ignores it
8. T08
   A .ps1 with non-ASCII text fails to parse or prints mojibake
9. T09
   A .cmd / .bat file runs its comment text as commands
10. T10
    $variables in a powershell -Command one-liner vanish before it runs
11. T11
    Get-ChildItem -Include is ignored and every file comes back
12. T12
    Markdown backticks inside "..." turn into newlines and tabs
13. T13
    A log that is being written shows 0 bytes
14. T14
    claude -p --allowedTools swallows the prompt after it